What is Diabetic Foot?

Diabetic foot refers to foot problems that develop in people with diabetes. High blood sugar can damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to poor circulation, loss of sensation, wounds, and infections that heal slowly.

When is surgery needed for a diabetic foot?

Surgery is usually considered when:

* Wounds or ulcers do not heal with medicines and dressings.

* Severe infection spreads to deeper tissues or bones.

* Dead tissue (gangrene) develops in the toes or foot.

* There is severe pain, swelling, or abscess formation.

* Blood flow to the foot needs to be restored through vascular surgery.

What types of surgeries are done?

* Debridement: Removal of dead or infected tissue to help wounds heal.

* Drainage of Abscess: To remove pus and infection.

* Skin Grafting or Flap Surgery: To cover large wounds.

* Revascularization Surgery: To improve blood flow in the leg.

* Toe or Foot Amputation: Only when absolutely necessary, to stop infection from spreading and to save the rest of the leg.

What are the benefits of surgery?

* Prevents the spread of infection.

* Promotes faster healing of wounds.

* Saves the foot or leg from more serious complications.

* Improves mobility and quality of life.

Is diabetic foot surgery safe?

* Yes, but patients with diabetes need special care because healing may take longer.

* Risks include infection, slow wound healing, or recurrence if blood sugar is not well-controlled.

* With proper diabetes management and medical care, outcomes are usually good.

How is recovery after surgery?

* Hospital stay may be required depending on the surgery type.

* Dressings and wound care are very important.

* Blood sugar must be strictly controlled for proper healing.

* Physiotherapy and special footwear may be advised to help walking.

How can diabetic foot problems be prevented?

* Keep blood sugar under control.

* Check feet daily for cuts, blisters, or wounds.

* Wear comfortable shoes to avoid injuries.

* Seek medical help immediately if a wound or ulcer appears.

In short: Diabetic foot surgery is sometimes necessary to save the foot and prevent life-threatening complications. Early treatment, proper diabetes control, and regular foot care are the keys to preventing serious problems.